Battery energy storage technology
The development of batteries has a long history and is currently the most widely used energy storage technology in distributed power generation systems. The battery energy storage system (Battery Energy Storage System, BESS) is mainly composed of battery packs, inverters, controllers and other auxiliary equipment. According to the different chemical substances used, batteries can be divided into lead-acid batteries, lithium-ion batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, flow batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, etc.
The battery energy storage uses the oxidation-reduction reaction of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery for charging and discharging, and first converts electrical energy into chemical energy for storage, and then converts chemical energy into electrical energy when needed.
Among them, lead-acid batteries are cheap, mature in technology, and cost-effective. They are widely used in power plants and substations. When the power supply is interrupted, they can act as a backup power source to provide electrical energy for important equipment such as relay protection devices, circuit breakers, and communications. At present, most of the energy storage equipment used in distributed power generation systems are traditional lead-acid batteries, but lead-acid batteries also have short life spans, heavy physiques, and environmental pollution. Lithium-ion batteries have high working voltage, high energy storage density, small size, no pollution, long cycle life and a charge-discharge conversion rate of up to 95%, but their performance is easily affected by factors such as environmental temperature and technology.
Sodium-sulfur and flow batteries are emerging high-efficiency and large-capacity energy storage batteries, and both have broad development prospects. The sodium-sulfur battery has high energy storage density, long cycle life, and small size, which is only 1/5 of that of ordinary lead-acid batteries. It is easy to modularize and has a short construction period. The flow battery has a long cycle life, the rated power and capacity are independent of each other, and the shape of the electrolyte storage device can be flexibly designed. At present, there are many types of flow batteries such as total vanadium, vanadium-bromide, and sodium polysulfide/bromine. Among them, the all-vanadium flow battery has become the main direction of commercial development in the flow battery series because of its low cost, long life and avoiding cross-contamination of positive and negative active materials.
Although there are many shortcomings in battery energy storage, in terms of current technological development, batteries will still be widely used in a relatively long period of time. When choosing a ups lithium battery, you should comprehensively consider its electrical performance, size, quality, life, safety, maintainability, reusability, and economic cost, etc., and choose the best on this basis. And there are good quality 12v lithium ion battery for ups products for you to choose from, you can click on the link to view it.
Compressed air energy storage
Compressed-Air Energy Storage (CAES) refers to an energy storage method that uses electric energy to compress air during the low grid load period, stores the air in a high-pressure sealed facility, and releases compressed air to drive the steam turbine to generate electricity when the grid load peaks. Its gas storage facilities generally use abandoned mines, expired oil and gas wells, subsea gas storage tanks, newly built gas storage wells or caves. Compared with pumped storage, compressed air energy storage equipment investment and power generation costs are lower, but the relative energy density is also lower; from the perspective of environmental pollution, compressed air energy storage can efficiently use clean energy, and the raw materials of the structure are pollution-free, and the safety factor is high, which is in line with the sustainable use of resources and environmentally friendly policy requirements. In recent years, compressed air energy storage technology has gradually become a research hotspot, but it is still in the early stage of industrialization, and the technology and economics remain to be seen.